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Causes
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Symptoms
The Polycystic ovarian
syndrome (PCOS) is a condition in which a woman’s levels of the sex hormones
estrogen and progesterone are
out of balance. This leads to the growth of ovarian cysts (benign
masses on the ovaries). PCOS can affect a women’s menstrual cycle, fertility, cardiac
function, and appearance.
According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, between 1 in 10
and 1 in 20 women of childbearing age has PCOS. The condition currently affects
up to 5 million women in the United States.
While the exact cause
of PCOS is unknown, doctors believe that hormonal imbalances and genetics play
a role. Women are more likely to develop PCOS if their mother or sister also
has the condition.
Overproduction of the
hormone androgen may be another contributing factor. Androgen is a male sex
hormone that women’s bodies also produce. Women with PCOS often produce
higher-than-normal levels of androgen. This can affect the development and
release of eggs during ovulation. Excess insulin(a
hormone that helps convert sugars and starches into energy) may cause high
androgen levels.
Symptoms of PCOS
typically start soon after a woman begins to menstruate for the first time. The
type and severity of symptoms varies from person to person. The most common
characteristic of PCOS is irregular menstrual periods. Difficulty getting
pregnant may be another reason that leads to diagnosis.
Because PCOS is marked
by a decrease in female sex hormones, this condition may cause women to develop
certain masculine characteristics, such as:
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excess hair on
the face, chest, stomach, thumbs, or toes
Other symptoms may
include:
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acne
While not symptoms of
the disease, many women with PCOS have other concurrent health problems, such
as diabetes, hypertension,
and high cholesterol.
These are linked to the weight gain typical in women with PCOS.
There is no definitive
test for PCOS. To make a diagnosis, your doctor will review your medical
history and symptoms and perform tests to rule out other possible conditions.
Your doctor will perform a physical and pelvic examination to look for signs of
PCOS, such as swollen ovaries or a swollen clitoris.
Blood tests to measure
sex hormone levels are typically ordered, as well as:
·
thyroid functiontests to determine how much of the thyroid hormone your body
produces
·
fasting glucosetests to measure your blood sugar levels
·
lipid leveltests to assess the amount of cholesterol in your blood
A vaginal
ultrasound allows your gynecologist to create real-time images
of your reproductive organs. A pelviclaparoscopy is a surgical procedure in which your doctor makes
a small incision in your abdomen and inserts a tiny camera to check for growths
on your ovaries. If growths are present, your doctor may take a small tissue
sample (biopsy)
for further examination.
PCOS can be treated,
but there’s no cure. Treatment focuses on controlling symptoms and managing the
condition to prevent complications. The treatment will vary from woman to
woman, depending on specific symptoms. Tips for controlling symptoms may include:
·
Eat a healthy diet. A healthy diet and regular exercise are recommended for
all women with PCOS, particularly those who are overweight. This can help to
regulate your menstrual cycle and lower your blood
glucose levels.
·
Take birth control pills if you aren’t planning to becomepregnant. Women who don’t
want to become pregnant may be prescribed birth control pills.
These can help treat acne, regulate the menstrual cycle, and lower levels of
male hormones, such as testosterone, in the body. If a woman with PCOS is
infertile, fertility drugs may be prescribed to aid in ovulation.
·
Ask your doctor about medications that may help you. Anti-androgens are drugs that reduce
male hormone levels. These can help stop excess hair growth and reduce acne.
Diabetes medications may also be prescribed to lower blood glucose and
testosterone levels.
·
Surgery. Surgery
may be recommended for some women with PCOS. Ovarian drilling is a procedure in
which your doctor punctures your ovary with a small needle that carries an
electric current. This is done in order to destroy part of the ovary. It’s a
short-term solution that can promote ovulation and reduce male hormone levels.
Women with PCOS have a
higher risk of developing:
·
diabetes
Pregnancy is possible
for some women with PCOS. If you become pregnant, your doctor may refer you to
a doctor who specializes in high-risk pregnancies. Women with PCOS have a
higher rate of miscarriage, gestationaldiabetes, and premature delivery. They may need extra monitoring
during pregnancy.
The earlier your PCOSis diagnosed and treated, the lower your risk of developing these
complications. Avoiding tobacco products and participating in regular exercise
can also reduce your risk of some of these comorbidities. The hormonal
imbalance that leads to a problem with metabolism and weight gain is difficult
to battle, but you can improve hormonal and glucose levels. Talk with your
doctor about what PCOS means for your overall health and how you can prevent
serious complications.
Dr. Pallavi Daga
MBBS, MS, MRCOG(LONDON)
Consultant Gynaecologist, Laparoscopic Surgeon
Mobile: 90517 71712
Visiting Consultant: Bhagirathi Neotia
Website : http://drpallavidaga.com
PCOS is an endocrine and metabolic disorder. It is considered in any woman with acne, hirsutism, menstrual irregularity, or obesity.Patients with PCOS, have anovulation, i.e. they may not produce a follicle cyclically. They may therefore present with primary amenorrhea (i.e. no periods at all), too few periods (oligomenorrhea) or secondary amenorrhea i.e. absence of periods for six months or more. Some may also have excessive, frequent and irregular bleeding (dysfunctional uterine bleeding).
Resistance to insulin, and increase in insulin levels is an important factor in PCOS. Obesity is present in approximately one-half of patients with PCOS. The waist:hip ratio may be greater than 0.85.
The cause of PCOS is unknown, but there is a possibility that PCOS may be a complex genetic disorder in which the genetic factor interacts with various environmental factors and causes imbalance in the hormones. Dr. Pallavi Daga is onr of the Best lady Gynecologist In Kolkata, as well as she is Famous abortion Specialist Doctor In Kolkata.
Doctor’s Detail :
A balanced approach is the key when dealing with women’s problems – when you visit us, you are assured of always seeing a female gynecologist Dr.Pallavi Daga, whose years of experience in dealing with genie concerns makes her one of the Best Gynecologist In Kolkata, as well as Best Abortion Specialist in Kolkata.
A balanced approach is the key when dealing with women’s problems – when you visit us, you are assured of always seeing a female gynecologist Dr.Pallavi Daga, whose years of experience in dealing with genie concerns makes her one of the Best Gynecologist In Kolkata, as well as Best Abortion Specialist in Kolkata.
Dr. Pallavi Daga
MBBS, MS, MRCOG(LONDON)
Consultant Gynaecologist, Laparoscopic Surgeon
Mobile: 90517 71712
Visiting Consultant: Bhagirathi Neotia
Website : http://drpallavidaga.com
Specialities :
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